The Act of Union of 1840 resulted in multiple changes affecting politics, the territory and the economy. At this time, the United Kingdom adopted free trade, changing its economic relationship with United Canada. This caused Canada to turn to the United States for most of its trade.
Various forms of industry were booming in the first phase of industrialization, but working and living conditions were hard for the workers.
The transport network was mainly composed of railroads, which grew extensively between 1850 and 1900.
Despite various political parties and politicians with differing opinions, agreements were reached to create a Canadian federation in 1867. From the first years of the federation, Canada faced several economic, political and social challenges.
To find out more about the formation of the Canadian federal system, consult the following concept sheets:
